Mergers, stock splits, and more | Robinhood

Mergers, stock splits, and more

A corporate action is an activity a company takes that affects shareholders and results in a significant change to the company's stock.

Our Corporate Actions team is committed to making sure the changes that come with corporate actions are seamless for our customers.

We process mandatory corporate actions, including stock splits, mergers, and spinoffs. For mandatory corporate actions, we’ll make sure the necessary adjustments are made in a timely manner according to the details provided by the company undergoing the corporate action.

We also accept orders to participate in voluntary corporate actions like tender offers or buy-backs and rights offerings. This allows shareholders to choose whether to participate in the event. The company can’t act without the shareholder’s response.

Tip

If you have specific questions about the terms of a corporate action, like why it’s happening, reach out to the company’s Investor Relations.

Keep in mind

We’ll temporarily prevent you from trading the affected stock while the Corporate Actions team works to process these changes.

You can stay up to date with recent corporate actions by checking out our Corporate Actions Tracker, which is a curated list of the most relevant corporate actions on Robinhood.

Stock splits

A company performs a stock split to increase or decrease the number of shares it has in the market.

Forward stock split

What happens to the company

When a company decides to execute a forward stock split, it increases the number of outstanding shares in the company by issuing new shares to existing shareholders in a fixed proportion. The price of each share decreases in the same proportion, so there is no change in the shareholders’ equity or the total value of the company’s shares.

What happens to your shares

The number of shares you own in the company will increase, while the price of each individual share will decrease proportionally.

Reverse stock split

What happens to the company

When a corporation executes a reverse stock split, each outstanding share of the company is converted into a fraction of a share and the stock price per share increases in the same proportion. There is no change in the shareholder’s equity or the total value of the company’s shares.

What happens to your shares

The number of shares you own in the company will decrease, while the price of each individual share will increase proportionally.

Most reverse splits retain fractional shares post split. Cash in Lieu is paid out typically within 3-4 weeks after the reverse stock split.

Mergers

Sometimes a company will choose to acquire another company. The buying corporation may choose to perform a cash merger and liquidation, a stock merger, or a cash and stock merger.

Cash merger and liquidation

Let’s say XYZ buys out Y Corp:

  • Now that XYZ controls the shares of Y Corp, they can decide that investors who own shares of Y Corp will receive $10 for each share of Y Corp they own.
  • Y Corp’s shareholders are paid their cash (cash merger) and Y Corp stock stops trading in the market (liquidation).
Stock merger and liquidation

Let’s say XYZ buys out Y Corp:

  • Now that XYZ controls the shares of Y Corp, they can decide that investors who own shares of Y Corp will get 2 shares of XYZ for every 1 share of Y Corp they own.
  • Y Corp shareholders now own XYZ shares (stock merger) and Y Corp stock stops trading in the market (liquidation).
Cash and stock merger

A cash and stock merger simply means the buying company gives the shareholders of the acquired company shares of the buying company and a cash payout.

Spinoffs

Sometimes a company will choose to create a new, independent company under its umbrella. The original company may choose to issue shares of the new independent company to the original company’s shareholders.

Fractional shares

After a stock split, extra shares may be left over, which are known as fractional shares.

A fractional share is a share of equity that is less than the value of 1 full share. Companies have a few options when dealing with fractional shares that result from a corporate action, such as:

  • Issue fractional shares.
  • Pay cash-in-lieu proportional to the value of the fractional shares you own.
  • Round ups are paid to eligible shareholders when received from the issuer, which typically take 3-4 weeks to process.
  • Pay nothing or round down.
Example

You own 10 shares of XYZ, and XYZ undergoes a 1:3 reverse stock split. You’ll now own 3.33 shares of XYZ.

Fractional strategies

Handling of fractional shares that result from corporate actions are predetermined by the company performing the corporate action, and can be found on the company’s corresponding SEC Form 8-K.

Round-up is a share payment made to owners of fractional shares that result from corporate actions. You can expect round-up payments to settle in your Robinhood investing account about 3-4 weeks after the corporate action has been completed.

You can either have a round-up that’s at the participant level or the beneficial holder level. Only the beneficial holder level of round-ups will issue round-up shares to individual holders.

Cash-in-lieu

Cash-in-lieu is a cash payment made to owners of fractional shares that result from corporate actions. The cash rate is predetermined by the company performing the corporate action or the price we are able to sell in the market. You can expect cash-in-lieu payments to settle in your Robinhood investing account about 3-4 weeks after the corporate action has been completed. You’ll find confirmation of this payment in your monthly investing account statements.

Keep in mind

Robinhood typically issues fractional shares instead of paying cash-in-lieu.

Delisting

Delisting refers to a stock’s removal from an exchange or that it’s no longer trading on any market, including OTC markets. Typically when we refer to a stock’s delisting, we mean that it’s been removed from a major exchange and now trades on the OTC markets.

Voluntary corporate actions

The issuing company performing the corporate action decides the terms of the offer. As a shareholder, you’ll get the offer materials and instructions through email. The materials will outline the terms of the event and provide important information, such as the expiration date.

If you'd like to participate, you can make your election directly through the website for the corporate action, which should be listed in the email. Or contact us with the following information and our team can help process your election:

  • The stock symbol for the offer.
  • The number of shares you’d like to participate with.

Note that instructions must be submitted prior to the broker’s expiration date, which is provided in the event emails.

Tender offers or buy-backs

A tender offer invites existing shareholders to tender or sell their shares. Basically, a tender offer is a conditional offer for the company to buy back your shares of the stock. The company making the offer is willing to buy your stock at a predetermined price if you tender them.

Example

Let’s say XYZ has a current stock price of $10 per share. The company presents shareholders with the offer to tender their shares for $12 per share. You can choose to sell your shares back for $12, or just hold on to them with the expectation they're worth more than $12 per share. You’re not obligated to take any action, which is why a tender offer is considered a voluntary corporate action.

To participate, follow the directions in the email and make your election through the voluntary election site.

Warrants

A warrant is an asset that allows its owner to buy stock in the company that issued the warrant at a fixed price, called the exercise or subscription price. Warrants are usually issued for a longer term, with an expiration date several years in the future.

Example

For example, XYZ issues warrants to buy 10 shares of their stock at a $10 strike price and you own one of the warrants. Then 5 years after you receive the warrant, XYZ stock is trading at $20 in the market. You could exercise your warrant and buy your 10 shares at the $10 strike price instead of the $20 market price.

If you'd like to participate, contact us with the following information and our team will help process your warrant:

  • The warrant symbol for the offer.
  • The number of shares you’d like to participate with.

Rights offerings

When a company plans to offer new shares of stock to the public, sometimes they’ll issue a rights offering. A rights offering gives existing shareholders an opportunity to purchase shares of the new stocks at a specific price before those shares are offered to the rest of the public. Rights have an expiration date and are issued for a short time only.

Rights are usually issued in proportion to the number of shares you currently hold.

Example

Let’s say you currently hold 100 shares in XYZ, you’ll likely be issued 100 rights. This can differ depending on the specific terms of the corporate action. Participation in a rights offering is voluntary.

If you'd like to participate, contact us with the following information and our team will help process your offer:

  • The rights symbol for the offer.
  • The number of shares you’d like to participate with.

Contingent value rights and escrow CUSIPs

Contingent value rights (CVR) and Escrow CUSIPs are rights given to you as a customer who owns shares of a company that’s facing restructuring or a buyout. These rights ensure that you as a shareholder receive certain benefits if a specific event occurs like an acquisition. CVRs/Escrows usually have an expiration date after which the benefits will no longer apply.

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All Investing involves risk.

Brokerage services are offered through Robinhood Financial LLC, (“RHF”) a registered broker dealer (member SIPC), and clearing services through Robinhood Securities, LLC, (“RHS”) a registered broker dealer (member SIPC).

Cryptocurrency services are offered through an account with Robinhood Crypto, LLC (“RHC”) (NMLS ID: 1702840).Robinhood Crypto is licensed to engage in virtual currency business activity by the New York State Department of Financial Services. Please review a list of RHC's licenses for more information. Cryptocurrency held through Robinhood Crypto is not FDIC insured or SIPC protected.

The Robinhood spending account is offered through Robinhood Money, LLC (“RHY”) (NMLS ID: 1990968), a licensed money transmitter. Please review a list of our licenses for more information.

The Robinhood Cash Card is a prepaid card issued by Sutton Bank, Member FDIC, pursuant to a license from Mastercard® International Incorporated. Mastercard and the circles design are registered trademarks of Mastercard International Incorporated.

Robinhood Gold Card is subject to credit approval and underwriting. Robinhood Gold Card is offered by Robinhood Credit, Inc., and is issued by Coastal Community Bank, pursuant to a license from Visa U.S.A. Inc. Robinhood Credit, Inc. (“RCT”), is a financial technology company, not a bank.

Robinhood Gold is a subscription-based membership program of premium services offered through Robinhood Gold, LLC (“RHG”).

RHF, RHY, RHC, RCT, RHG, and RHS are affiliated entities and wholly owned subsidiaries of Robinhood Markets, Inc. RHF, RHY, RHC, RCT, RHG, and RHS are not banks. Investing products offered by RHF are not FDIC insured and involve risk, including possible loss of principal.

RHY is not a member of FINRA, and products are not subject to SIPC protection, but funds held in the Robinhood spending account and Robinhood Cash Card account may be eligible for FDIC pass-through insurance (review the Robinhood Cash Card Agreement and the Robinhood Spending Account Agreement).

Options trading entails significant risk and is not appropriate for all customers. Customers must read and understand the Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options before engaging in any options trading strategies. Options transactions are often complex and may involve the potential of losing the entire investment in a relatively short period of time. Certain complex options strategies carry additional risk, including the potential for losses that may exceed the original investment amount.

The risk of loss in trading futures can be substantial. Carefully consider if it’s appropriate for you in light of your financial circumstances. Please read the Futures Risk Disclosure Statement prior to trading futures products. Futures accounts are not protected by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) and are not Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insured. Prior to trading virtual currency Futures products, please review the NFA Investor Advisory & CFTC Advisory providing more information on these potentially significant risks. Futures trading and options on futures trading are offered by Robinhood Derivatives, LLC (“RHD”), a registered futures commission merchant with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and Member of National Futures Association (NFA) (NFA ID 0424278).

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